CA Ⅱ
Carbonic Anhydrase II (CA II) is a cytosolic zinc metalloenzyme that catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and a proton, a reaction central to acid-base homeostasis, carbon dioxide transport, and cellular pH regulation[1][2]. CA II is the best-characterized human carbonic anhydrase isoform and exhibits exceptionally high catalytic efficiency, making it a key regulator of bicarbonate-dependent physiological processes in erythrocytes, kidney, bone, eye, and other tissues[2][3]. Mechanistically, CA II supports bicarbonate transport and acidification pathways that are required for renal bicarbonate reabsorption and osteoclast-mediated bone resorption[1][4]. In disease settings, inherited CA II deficiency causes the autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by osteopetrosis, renal tubular acidosis, and cerebral calcification, providing direct genetic evidence for the essential role of this isoform in bone and renal physiology[4][5]. Compared with related carbonic anhydrase isoforms, CA II is distinguished by its broad tissue distribution, dominant catalytic activity, and well-established involvement in bicarbonate transport metabolons and vascular regulatory processes[3][6]. These characteristics have made CA II one of the most extensively studied experimental models for enzyme catalysis, structure-guided drug discovery, and inhibitor development[3][7]. Sulfonamide-based carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, including clinically used agents, bind the catalytic zinc center and have been widely employed to investigate CA II function and therapeutic modulation in disorders such as glaucoma and other bicarbonate-dependent pathologies[6][7].
References:
- [1]. Sly WS, et al. Carbonic anhydrase II deficiency identified as the primary defect in the autosomal recessive syndrome of osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis and cerebral calcification. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 May;80(9):2752-6. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Roy BC, et al. Two-prong inhibitors for human carbonic anhydrase II. J Am Chem Soc. 2004 Oct 20;126(41):13206-7. [Content Brief]
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CA Ⅱ Related Products (119)
Related Products (119)
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Recombinant Proteins (3)
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Elsulfavirine sodium
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-109056ACAS No.: 867365-40-0Synonyms: R-1206 sodiumElsulfavirine sodium (R-1206) is an orally active human carbonic anhydrase (carbonic anhydrase, CA) inhibitor and an allosteric inhibitor of HIV-1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase (NNRT). Elsulfavirine sodium also targets and blocks the interaction between adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) and insulin-induced gene proteins INSIG1/2, blocks SREBP-1-mediated de novo lipid synthesis, and inhibits the proliferation of liver cancer cells. The combination of Elsulfavirine sodium and Lenvatinib (HY-10981) produces a synergistic anti-tumor effect. Elsulfavirine sodium is converted into the active metabolite VM1500A in vivo, blocks the DNA polymerase activity of reverse transcriptase, and inhibits HIV-1 replication. Elsulfavirine sodium exhibits a Ki of 1960 nM-52400 nM against human carbonic anhydrase isoforms including I, VII, VI, VA, VB, IX, XIII, XIV. Elsulfavirine sodium is used in studies related to HIV-1 infection and liver cancer.
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Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 33
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-172899Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 33 (11D) is a dual inhibitor of CA (Carbonic anhydrase) IX/XII and CDK6, with Ki values of 19.7 nM and 26.1 nM for hCA IX and hCA XII, respectively. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 33 (11D) induces G1 arrest and apoptosis. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 33 (11D) can be used in the research for NSCLC.
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CA
IX-IN-6
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-187174CA IX-IN-6 is a selective human carbonic anhydrase IX (hCA IX) inhibitor, with Ki values of 8.9, 50.7, 551, and 64.4 nM against hCA IX, hCA XII, hCA I, and hCA II, respectively. CA IX-IN-6 binds to the active site via a classic sulfamide mode, coordinates with the catalytic Zn2+ ion, forms a hydrogen bond with Thr200, and interacts with key active site residues. CA IX-IN-6 can be used in studies related to tumor-associated carbonic anhydrase inhibition.
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HCAIX-IN-2
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-146207CAS No.: 2389034-45-9HCAIX-IN-2 (compound 9d) is a selective carbonic anhydrase inhibitor with the Ki values of 24.6 nM and 45.3 nM for hCA IX and hCA XII, respectively.
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hA2A/hCA XII modulator 1
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-146979CAS No.: 2548963-55-7hA2A/hCA XII modulator 1 (compound 14), a triazolopirazine, is a potent hA2A adenosine receptor (hA2AAR) antagonist with Kis of 6.4 nM, 4.819 μM, >30 μM for hA2AAR, hA1AR, hA3AR, respectively. hA2A/hCA XII modulator 1 is a potent human carbonic anhydrase XII (hCA XII) inhibitor with Kis of 6.2 nM, 46 nM, 466 nM, 8.351 μM for hCA XII, hCA II, hCA IX and hCA I, respectively. hA2A/hCA XII modulator 1 has the potential for cancer research.
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hCA I-IN-3
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-158372hCA I-IN-3 (compound 24), an aryl ether derivative, is a potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. hCA I-IN-3 can inhibit carbonic anhydrase hCA I and hCA II isoenzymes, with IC50 values of 4.77 and 9.66 nM, respectively. hCA I-IN-3 can be used for cancer research.
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Thioaspirine
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-44602CAS No.: 55819-78-8Thioaspirine is a carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor with Kis of 64.3 and 10.9 μM for hCA II and hCA IX, respectively. Thioaspirine effectively relieves the inflammatory pain in CFA (HY-153808)-treated mice. Thioaspirine can be used for inflammatory pain research.
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DPP IV/hCA II-IN-1
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-151578CAS No.: 2836996-95-1DPP IV/hCA II-IN-1 is a potent and selective dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) and carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.049 μM for DPP IV and with Ki values of 0.0361, 0.0428, 0.0941, 0.1328, 0.2615, and 3.034 μM for CA II, CA VB, CA VA, CA IX, CA I, and CA IV, respectively.
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NCX-278
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-182426CAS No.: 1202697-61-7NCX-278 is a human carbonic anhydrase inhibitor with a 13 nM Ki for hCA II, 410 nM Ki for hCA I, 181 nM Ki for hCA IV, and selective inhibition of hCA II over hCA IV. NCX-278 is a potent and effective stimulator of NO/sGC/cGMP signaling with an EC50 of 2.05 lM. NCX-278 exerts NO-mediated vascular relaxant effects. NCX-278 lowers intraocular pressure in normotensive rabbits. NCX-278 can be used for the research of open-angle glaucoma.
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Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 12
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-115999CAS No.: 2883451-38-3Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 12 is a potent CA II inhibitor, also has inhibitory activity in CA I (Kis of 1.72 and 271 nM in CA II and CA I, respectively). Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 12 has potent anticancer activity against different cancer cell lines.
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hCAII-IN-10
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-161282hCAII-IN-10 (compound 11d) is hCA II inhibitor with the IC50s of 14 nM and 29.2 μM for hCA II and hCA I, respectively. hCAII-IN-10 inhibits cell growth against HT-29 cells with the IC50 of 74 μM. hCAII-IN-10 shows strongly lowered intraocular pressure in the glaucomatous rabbit eye model.
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BE21349
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-184660BE21349 is a carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor with Ki values of 2090, 17.1, 61.8, and 40.5 nM against hCA I, hCA II, hCA IX, and hCA XII, respectively. BE21349 exhibits submicromolar inhibitory activity against leukemia, non-small cell lung cancer, and melanoma cell lines. BE21349 can be used in cancer-related research such as leukemia, non-small cell lung cancer, and melanoma.
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hCAII-IN-4
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-150973CAS No.: 2816080-18-7hCAII-IN-4 (Compound 12j) is a potent hCA II inhibitor with an IC50 of 7.78 μM. hCAII-IN-4 also inhibits β-glucuronidase with an IC50 of 773.9 μM.
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Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 9
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-144807CAS No.: 3033042-50-8Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 9 is a potent carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor with Kis of 56.4 and 56.9 nM for hCA II and IX, respectively. Antiproliferative activity.
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Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 5
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-144639CAS No.: 3033415-81-2Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 5 is a potent and selective human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) inhibitor with IC50s of 42.9, 47,6 and 6.7 nM for hCA II, hCA IX and hCA XII, respectively.
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CAXII-IN-4
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-187173CAXII-IN-4 is a human carbonic anhydrase XII (hCA XII) inhibitor with Ki values of 4.9, 3079, 62.5 and 58.4 nM against hCA XII, hCA I, hCA II and hCA IX, respectively, showing high selectivity toward tumor-associated hCA XII. CAXII-IN-4 binds to the active site of hCA XII via a classic sulfamide binding mode, coordinates with Zn2+, forms a hydrogen bond with Ser133, and stabilizes the enzyme complex to reduce structural deviation. CAXII-IN-4 possesses both lipophilicity and polarity, and is predicted to have superior membrane permeability and oral absorbability. CAXII-IN-4 can be used in studies related to tumor-associated carbonic anhydrase inhibition.
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Carbonic anhydrase-IN-40
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-187383Carbonic anhydrase-IN-40 is a human carbonic anhydrase I/II inhibitor, with an IC50 of 16.900 nM against hCA I and an IC50 of 4.682 nM against hCA II. Carbonic anhydrase-IN-40 binds to the active site of the enzyme, coordinates with the catalytic zinc ion, forms π-π stacking interactions with active site residues, and makes hydrophobic contacts with the hydrophobic pocket. Carbonic anhydrase-IN-40 can serve as a lead compound for studies related to carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.
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hCAIX/XII-IN-8
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-156181CAS No.: 59994-64-8hCAIX/XII-IN-8 (compound 3g) is a potent human (carbonic anhydrase) CA IX and XII inhibitor, with Ki values of 8.5 and 6.7 nM, respectively. hCAIX/XII-IN-8 shows particularly strong inhibitory activity against the tumor-associated membrane-bound isoforms, hCA IX and XII, while maintaining a high selectivity ratio over cytosolic off-target isoforms hCA I and II.
